Pedestrian Refuge

A refuge island, also known as a pedestrian refuge or pedestrian island, is a small section of pavement or sidewalk, completely surrounded by asphalt or other road materials, where pedestrians can stop before finishing crossing a road. It is typically used when a street is very wide, as the pedestrian crossing can be too long for some individuals to cross in one traffic light cycle. It is also often used when no light exists, and pedestrians need safe harbor after managing one direction of traffic, before taking on the next. This significantly improves the amenity for pedestrians trying to cross busy streets, as they are much more likely to find two small gaps in traffic rather than one situation in which gaps for both directions coincide. Since this reduces their average waiting time, it also improves safety - with impatient pedestrians less likely to use gaps that turn out to be too short for safe crossing.

Bike Routes

Bike routes are marked lanes or shoulders designated for use by cyclists from which motorised traffic is generally excluded. Bike lanes and road shoulders demarcated by a painted marking on the roadway.

Raised Crosswalks

Raised pedestrian crosswalks serve as traffic calming measures by extending the sidewalk across the road and bringing motor vehicles to the pedestrian level. Raised crosswalks also improve accessibility by allowing a pedestrian to cross at nearly a constant grade without the need for a curb ramp and makes the pedestrian more visible to approaching motorists

Raised Crosswalk